Make: United States Armory and Arsenal at Springfield

Model: 1873 Trapdoor Rifle

Serial Number: 226741

Year of Manufacture: 1883 / ATF Classification: Antique

Caliber/Gauge: .45-70, Black powder

Action Type: Trapdoor, single shot

Barrel Length: 32"

Sights/Optics: The front sight is a blade pinned into a barrel mounted base. The rear sight is an 1879 fourth form rear sight.

Grip/Stock Configuration & Condition: The stock is a single piece walnut with a forend cap, sling loop/stacking ring, barrel band, two through bolts, sling loop, straight wrist, straight comb, and steel buttplate. The left of the stock has an SWP 1883 cartouche and there is a P cartouche behind the guard. In front of the cartouche there is an "H" hand-carved. There are moderate handling marks throughout with pressure dings, scuffs, and scratches. There are several small cracks around the receiver and buttplate. The LOP measures 13.25” from the front of the trigger to the back of the buttplate. The stock rates in about Very Good overall condition as Antique.

Type of Finish: Blue and Case Color

Finish Originality: Original

Bore Condition: The bore is semi bright and the rifling is fairly sharp with stubborn fouling throughout. There is light oxidation towards the muzzle end of the bore. In this writer's opinion, the bore rates 8.5/10.

Overall Condition: This rifle retains about 3% of its metal finish. Remaining finish is mostly case color in well protected areas of the breech block, receiver, lock and hammer. Most other surfaces have turned to patina or worn away. There are scratches, patina, and spots of faint pitting scattered throughout. The screw heads show light tooling and retain strong slots. The markings are a little faded, but complete. Overall, this rifle rates in Very Good condition as Antique.

Mechanics: The action functions correctly. We did not fire this firearm. As with all used firearms, a thorough cleaning may be necessary to meet your maintenance standards.

Box, Paperwork & Accessories: None

Our Assessment: This is a classic Trapdoor rifle that shows the honest, workmanlike character expected of a service arm from the Indian Wars era. A little original finish remains, with the metal surfaces now largely worn to patina from age and long service. Despite the loss of finish, the rifle retains strong visual authenticity, with correct lines and proportions that clearly identify it as a full length infantry configuration.

Mechanically, the rifle remains sound. The bore rates 8.5 out of 10, showing strong rifling and good internal condition, especially notable for a black powder service rifle of this age. The trapdoor action functions correctly, opening and closing smoothly with proper lockup. Overall handling remains steady and deliberate, and the long 32" barrel provides the sight radius and balance intended for military use.

Historically, the Model 1873 Trapdoor represents the standard U.S. Army service rifle during the post Civil War period, seeing extensive use throughout the western frontier. An 1883 production example reflects the mature stage of Trapdoor development, incorporating refinements made after years of field experience. With good mechanical condition, a strong bore, and honest exterior wear, this rifle stands as an authentic and historically significant example of nineteenth century American military arms.